Ρ H2O = density of water - normally at temperature 4 oC Ρ substance = density of the fluid or substance
Specific Gravity (Relative Density) - SG - is a dimensionless unit defined as the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water - at a specified temperature and can be expressed as
#Density of steel how to
How to measure density of liquid petroleum productsĮxample 2: Using Density to Identify a MaterialĮxample 3: Density to Calculate Volume Mass Water - Density, Specific Weight and Thermal Expantion Coefficient - variation with temperature at 1, 68 and 680 atm, SI and Imperial unitsĪir - Density, Specific Weight and Thermal Expantion Coefficient - variation with temperature and pressure, SI and Imperial units Se also: Densities for some common materials Density is a physical property - constant at a given temperature and pressure - and may be helpful for identification of substances.īelow on this page: Specific gravity (relative density), Specific gravity for gases, Specific weight, Calculation examples On atomic level - particles are packed tighter inside a substance with higher density. See also Unit converter - mass and Unit converter - density Slugs can be multiplied with 32.2 for a rough value in pound-mass (lb m). Note that there is a difference between pound-force (lb f) and pound-mass (lb m). The Imperial (U.S.) units for density are slugs/ft 3 but pound-mass per cubic foot - lb m/ft 3 - is often used.
#Density of steel plus
Calculate number of stirrup by dividing column height over stirrup spacing plus one.ģ. Compute cutting length of stirrups using the following equationĬutting length=2*((w-cover)+(h-cover))+Ld Equation 10Ģ.Compute total length of longitudinal bars which equal to the column height plus laps for footing multiply number of longitudinal bars.Then, compute quantity of steel in the column using the following steps:
Therefore, for footings with the double reinforcing net, the same procedure need to be used again to compute steel quantity for another reinforcing net.Īchieve column size and reinforcement detailing from design drawings. The above calculation procedure is for single reinforcing net. This can be done by multiplying cross section area of steel by its total length by density of steel which 7850 kg/m 3 Convert that length into kilograms or Tons.If the same size of bars is used in both directions then you can sum up both quantity of the bars After that, compute the total length of bars which is equal to the number of required bars multiply by the length of one bar.Where L or W is length or width of footing Length of bar = L or W–concrete cover for both sides + 2*bend length Equation 9 calculate the required number of bars for both directions.After that, the following steps will be taken to compute steel quantity. This can be achieved from design drawings. Size of footing and its reinforcement details (bar size and spacing) shall be known. ( /162) is the weight of a steel which is derived from steel volume times its density which is 7850 kg/m 3. of bars*cutting length*weight of the bar ( /162) Equation 7 The same equation used for both main and shrinkage and temperature reinforcement, but corresponding cutting length, number of bars, and bar diameter is used. Convert that length into kilograms or tons because steel bars are ordered by weight.
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